Type of Determined High Calorie Coal
Coal is a solid fossil mineral consisting of components of total water content, ash content, volatile matter and solid carbon, where the content in the coal component will determine the amount of heat generated.
High Calorie Coal quality is determined by several parameters contained in coal, namely:
A. Total moisture content (Total moisture)
Is the amount of water content contained in coal according to conditions in the field, consisting of:
Free water content (free moisture), is the water content found on the coal surface due to external influences.
Inherent moisture is the water content present in the pores of the coal at the time of the formation of the coal.
B. Volatile matter
An active substance found in coal, consists of flammable gases, such as: methane (CH4), hydrogen (H2), carbon monoxide (CO), and non-flammable substances. such as: water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2).
c. Fixed carbon
Fixed Carbon is the carbon that is left after burning coal after evaporation of volatile matter.
D. Ash content
Ash content is the final result after burning coal and the values of inherent moisture, volatile matter and fixed carbon are obtained.
The ash content is the remnants of organic substances contained in coal derived from congenital impurities when coal is formed or during mining.
e. The content of elements such as carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S).
f. Total sulfur
Used to determine the total sulfur content contained in coal by burning coal samples at high temperatures (±1350ºC).
g, Calorific value
Is the amount of heat generated from the coal combustion process? The reported calorific value price is in the form of:
- Gross Calorific Value (GCV) is the gross calorific value as the calorific value resulting from burning coal with all water calculated in the state gaseous state.
- Net Calorific Value (NCV) is the net calorific value of coal combustion where the resulting calorific value is the calorific value.
In the exploration process, the quality of coal can change. This can be known based on the test data of the coal quality analysis that has been carried out.
In general, coal extracted from mining always contains impurities. There are 2 types of impurities, namely inherent impurities and external impurities.
Inherent Impurities
Is a congenital impurity contained in coal? Coal that has been washed clean (in the form of lumps), when burned, it still gives off ash residue. These congenital impurities occur together during the coal formation process.
These impurities can be in the form of minerals such as gypsum, anhydrite, pyrite, silica, marcasite and can also be in the form of animal bones (it is known that there are phosphorus compounds from the analysis of ash).
External Impurities
It is an external pollutant originating from the mining process, including the carrying of overburden, this occurrence is very common and difficult to avoid, especially in open-pit mining activities.
To maintain the value of coal, coal management is needed. The definition of management is the use of resources that can be realized in planning, organizing, actuating and controlling activities to achieve a certain goal.
Coal management is defined as a business or activity to ensure that coal has more benefits and selling value which can be realized in planning, organizing, implementing and monitoring activities.
As a fuel, of course, coal must have good quality so that it can be used to produce certain energy. The quality of coal is determined by the number of calories in the coal.
Coal calories play a role in creating heat energy when the coal is used. Therefore, the classification of coal mostly refers to the calorific value of its coal. The type of coal based on calories will describe the quality of the coal, whether it is of good, medium, or low quality.
Tribhakti Inspektama is a Reliable, Trusted, Professional and Independent Surveyor having the head office in Jakarta and branch offices with laboratories across Indonesian archipelago, ready to serve your good company for Inspection, Testing, Consultancy and Certification services of export and import activities from and to Indonesia.
